The Tang Dynasty made significant contributions to world history, but not all of the options listed are accurate. Let's break down the choices:
A: Block printing - This is a correct contribution of the Tang Dynasty. The Chinese invented block printing, a technique for printing text, images, or patterns using a block of wood.
B: Fishing Reel - Fishing reels have been used for centuries and were not a specific contribution of the Tang Dynasty.
C: Gunpowder - Gunpowder was indeed invented during the Tang Dynasty in China, revolutionizing warfare and leading to significant advancements in weaponry.
D: Smallpox vaccine - The smallpox vaccine was actually developed much later in history, in the 18th century by Edward Jenner. It was not a contribution of the Tang Dynasty.
Therefore, the answer is D: Smallpox vaccine.