El Nino and La Nina describes two alternating extreme weather conditions which emanates from the East Central equitorial pacific ocean, hence resulting in extreme weather conditions in some other locations on earth.
El Nino is usually associated with rising sea levels which raises temperature beyond normal and resulting into events such as flooding and rainstorm. El Nino effects can be curtailed by building Storm resistant structures in affected areas while also ensuring good drainage systems to reduce the effect of flooding.
La Nina is associated with decrease in water level below the usual, resulting in drought events. The construction of lakes to serve as artifical reservoir would help curtail water shortage and assist with irrigation.
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