Respuesta :
1) Answer is: no precipitate.
Chemical reaction: 2NaCl + Ba(OH)₂ → BaCl₂ + 2NaOH.
Barium chloride is salt that dissolves in water, sodium hydroxide is strong base that dissolves in water. This is example of double replacement reactions(double displacement or metathesis reactions), two ionic compounds are exchanged, making two new compounds.
2) Answer is: AgI.
Chemical reaction: 2AgClO₃ + MgI₂ → 2AgI + Mg(ClO₃)₂.
Silver chloride form yellow precipipate, magnesium chlorate is salt that dissolves in water. This is also example of double replacement, Mafnesium has oxidation number +2 and siilver has oxidation number +1, iodine has -1 and chlorate also -1.
Chemical reaction: 2NaCl + Ba(OH)₂ → BaCl₂ + 2NaOH.
Barium chloride is salt that dissolves in water, sodium hydroxide is strong base that dissolves in water. This is example of double replacement reactions(double displacement or metathesis reactions), two ionic compounds are exchanged, making two new compounds.
2) Answer is: AgI.
Chemical reaction: 2AgClO₃ + MgI₂ → 2AgI + Mg(ClO₃)₂.
Silver chloride form yellow precipipate, magnesium chlorate is salt that dissolves in water. This is also example of double replacement, Mafnesium has oxidation number +2 and siilver has oxidation number +1, iodine has -1 and chlorate also -1.
[tex]\boxed{{\text{No precipitate will be formed}}}[/tex] in [tex]2{\text{NaCl}} + {\text{Ba}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_2} \to {\text{BaC}}{{\text{l}}_2} + 2{\text{NaOH}}[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{{\text{AgI}}}[/tex] is the precipitate formed in [tex]{\text{AgCl}}{{\text{O}}_3} + {\text{Mg}}{{\text{I}}_2} \to {\text{AgI}} + {\text{Mg}}{\left( {{\text{Cl}}{{\text{O}}_3}} \right)_2}[/tex]
Further Explanation:
Precipitation reaction:
It is the type of reaction in which an insoluble salt is formed by the combination of two solutions containing soluble salts. That insoluble salt is known as precipitate and therefore such reactions are named precipitation reactions. An example of precipitation reaction is,
[tex]{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{KBr}}\left( {aq} \right) \to {\text{AgBr}}\left( s \right) + {\text{KN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right)[/tex]
Here, AgBr is a precipitate.
The solubility rules to determine the solubility of the compound are as follows:
1. The common compounds of group 1A are soluble.
2. All the common compounds of ammonium ion and all acetates, chlorides, nitrates, bromides, iodides, and perchlorates are soluble in nature. Only the chlorides, bromides, and iodides of [tex]{\text{A}}{{\text{g}}^ + }[/tex], [tex]{\text{P}}{{\text{b}}^{2 + }}[/tex], [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{u}}^ + }[/tex] and [tex]{\text{Hg}}_2^{2 + }[/tex] are not soluble.
3. All common fluorides, except for [tex]{\text{Pb}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{2}}}[/tex] and group 2A fluorides, are soluble. Moreover, sulfates except [tex]{\text{CaS}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}}[/tex], [tex]{\text{SrS}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}}[/tex], [tex]{\text{BaS}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}}[/tex], [tex]{\text{A}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{S}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}}[/tex] and [tex]{\text{PbS}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}}[/tex] are soluble.
4. All common metal hydroxides except [tex]{\text{Ca}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_{\text{2}}}[/tex], [tex]{\text{Sr}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_{\text{2}}}[/tex], [tex]{\text{Ba}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_{\text{2}}}[/tex] and hydroxides of group 1A, are insoluble.
5. All carbonates and phosphates, except those formed by group 1A and ammonium ion, are insoluble.
6. All sulfides, except those formed by group 1A, 2A, and ammonium ion are insoluble.
7. Salts that contain [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^ - }[/tex], [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{r}}^ - }[/tex] or [tex]{{\text{I}}^ - }[/tex] are usually soluble except for the halide salts of [tex]{\text{A}}{{\text{g}}^ + }[/tex], [tex]{\text{P}}{{\text{b}}^{2 + }}[/tex] and [tex]{\left( {{\text{H}}{{\text{g}}_2}} \right)^{{\text{2 + }}}}[/tex].
8. The chlorides, bromides, and iodides of all the metals are soluble in water, except for silver, lead, and mercury (II). Mercury (II) iodide is water insoluble. Lead halides are soluble in hot water.
9. The perchlorates of group 1A and group 2A are soluble in nature.
(1) The given reaction is as follows:
[tex]2{\text{NaCl}} + {\text{Ba}}{\left( {{\text{OH}}} \right)_2} \to {\text{BaC}}{{\text{l}}_2} + 2{\text{NaOH}}[/tex]
This is an example of a double displacement reaction in which two ionic compounds are exchanged with each other and two new compounds are formed. [tex]{\text{BaC}}{{\text{l}}_2}[/tex] and NaOH are soluble salts according to the solubility rules. So no precipitate will be formed in this reaction.
(2) The given reaction is as follows:
[tex]{\text{AgCl}}{{\text{O}}_3} + {\text{Mg}}{{\text{I}}_2} \to {\text{AgI}} + {\text{Mg}}{\left( {{\text{Cl}}{{\text{O}}_3}} \right)_2}[/tex]
According to the solubility rules, AgI is an insoluble salt. The perchlorates of group 2 are soluble in nature and therefore [tex]{\text{Mg}}{\left( {{\text{Cl}}{{\text{O}}_3}} \right)_2}[/tex] is soluble in water. So AgI forms the precipitate in the above reaction.
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Chemical reaction and equation
Keywords: precipitation reaction, precipitate, insoluble, soluble, AgI, AgClO3, Mg(ClO3)2, MgI2, NaCl, Ba(OH)2, BaCl2, NaOH, solubility rules, halides, sulfides.
