Government allocated resources for the creation of certain things. They also set prices and wages. Then they redistributed labor force to maximize labor efforts, Government housing was also created. The creation of Bonds and taxes to fund the effort were also made.
Businesses paused their primary manufacturing to create things like planes, bullets, and tanks. They also focused on scientific research to help create things like radar and jet engines that would help win the war. There was also a large shift from agriculture to industry.
Labor was allowed to increase union membership. They were not allowed to strike. They also shifted away from agricultural labor to industrial labor.