A
full set of genetic information that an individual carries in its DNA is a
genome.
Genome provides all of the information the organism requires to
function. Genome or genetic material in humans consists of DNA which includes
the genes (the coding regions), the noncoding DNA, and mitochondrial DNA. DNA
is “packed” with proteins into the structures called chromosomes. There are 46 chromosomes in the human genome. 23 pairs of chromosomes: 22 different types of
autosomes (present as two homologous pairs), and 2 sex chromosomes (XX for
females or XY for males).
