A correct option is option (a).
Factor:
The functions factor is used to encode a vector as a factor (the terms ‘category’ and ‘enumerated type’ are also used for factors). If the argument ordered is TRUE, the factor levels are assumed to be ordered. For compatibility with S, there is also a function ordered.
The factor of [tex]8n[/tex] is,
[tex]8\times n[/tex]
We cannot find the factor [tex]8-n[/tex] and [tex]8+n[/tex]
And the factor of [tex]\frac{8}{n}[/tex] is [tex]\frac{8}{n} =8\times \frac{1}{n}[/tex]
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