Answer:
A) initial outlay = -$882,700
cash flow per year = [($145 - $34 - $45) x 4,000] - $40,000 = $224,000
B) NPV = -$882,700 + ($224,000 x 4.192) = $56,308
C) Since the NPV is positive, then the company should invest in the new bulldozer.
D) $882,700 = annual cash flow x 4.192
annual cash flow = $882,700 / 4.192 = $210,567.75
annual cash flow = (contribution margin per hour x ?) - $40,000
$210,568 = ($66 x ?) - $40,000
$250,568 = $66 x ?
number of hours = $250,568 / $66 = 3,796.48 ≈ 3,796 hours