Using proportions, it is found that 40 ml of water have to be added to make the ratio of oil to water of 1:3.
What is a proportion?
A proportion is a fraction of a total amount, and the measures are related using a rule of three.
The jar contains 100 ml of oil and water in the ratio 1:4, hence:
- The amount of oil is: 1/5 x 100 = 20 ml.
- The amount of water is: 4/5 x 100 = 80 ml.
Oil was added to make the ratio 1/2, hence:
[tex]\frac{20 + x}{100 + x} = \frac{1}[3}[/tex]
3(20 + x) = 100 + x
60 + 3x = 100 + x
x = 20.
Then there are 40 ml of oil and 80 ml of water, for a total of 120 ml. Now we want a ratio of 1:3, that is, 3/4 of the mixture being water, hence:
[tex]\frac{80 + x}{120 + x} = \frac{3}{4}[/tex]
4(80 + x) = 3(120 + x)
320 + 4x = 360 + 3x
x = 40
40 ml of water have to be added to make the ratio of oil to water of 1:3.
More can be learned about proportions at https://brainly.com/question/24372153
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