A system does 24 j of work while 105 j of heat transfer occurs to the environment. what is the change in internal energy (in j) of the system assuming no other changes?

The internal energy of a thermodynamic system is the energy contained in it. In an isolated system, the internal energy is constant. The energy required to create or prepare a system in a given internal state. It does not include the kinetic energy of the motion of the system as a whole, but it does include the kinetic energy of the particles within the system. Energy gains and losses in the system due to internal state changes are taken into account. Internal energy cannot be measured directly. It is measured as the difference from the reference zero point defined by normal conditions. This difference is determined by the thermodynamic processes driving the system between a reference state and a particular state of interest.

Internal energy is an extensive property

Using thermodynamics 1st law

dU = dQ - dW

Given that, work done by system dW = 24 J

Heat is transferred to the environment,

So , dQ = - 105J

Using the above values,

dU = -105 -24 = -129J

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