The halogens refer to Group 17's fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine elements. The seven valence electrons that the halogens contain are due to their shared general electron configuration of ns2np5.
The electrical configuration of the elements in group 17 according to these criteria is ns2 np5, where n is the quantum number of the individual elements.
For example, the neutral chlorine atom (Z=17) possesses 17 electrons. The electrical arrangement of its ground state is therefore 1s22s22p63s23p5. Contrarily, the chloride ion (Cl-) possesses an extra electron, making a total of 18 electrons.
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