The correct answer is REASON.
The age of Enlightment and reason, gave rise to the development of the scientific revolution, which broke with centuries of religious dogmatism and superstitions. Moreover, it was the end of many instutions of the Ancient regime that laid on these foundations, such as the absolute monarchies that ruled most European countries, and that were overturn in many countries such as in France, after the French Revolution.
Science and knowledge development practices also changed drastically during the age of reason, as new ideas could be investigated even tough they were opposite to traditional religious beliefs.
